And in a closed economy, the ”state” car factory is often owned by the dictator’s son and the country’s forests can be chopped down by his golf partner. When there is no selection procedure, the introduction of other cultures as a result of globalization has the potential to diminish the culture of local populations. When a country has a good character basis, the selection process should be carried out.
- The amount of imports should be reduced in order to prosper national production, and therefore create more working opportunities.
- Political globalization is how institutions and countries can influence the whole world.
- It necessitates them to abide by standards of global welfare such as human rights.
Feminist political philosophers are also concerned with the gendered effects of structural adjustment policies , globalisation problems which many poor countries have been forced to undertake as conditions of borrowing money or rescheduling their existing debts. The resulting reductions in publicly-funded health services, education, and childcare undermine the health and well-being of everyone they affect. Cuts in public health services have contributed to a rise in maternal mortality.
The elections of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan were seminal, putting free-market radicals in charge of two of the world’s five biggest economies and ushering in an era of “hyperglobalisation”. In the new political climate, economies with large public sectors and strong governments within the global capitalist system were no longer seen as aids to the system’s functioning, but impediments to it. Critics say that the real picture of globalization is an entirely different one. Whereas, in most of countries, there is 20 percent of Value Added Tax which stops the consumers from buying imported products. It makes the rich grow richer and thrusts the poor down the poverty line.
Opening markets without relieving these domestic constraints forces people to compete with one hand tied behind their back. Clamping down on global flows of private capital as part of the anti-globalization fervor is inefficient for the same reasons as clamping down on goods/services trade. The IMF has already recognized that some regulation is needed depending on the stage of capital market development and has moved a considerable distance in supporting capital controls of certain types and under certain conditions. But poorer countries are still largely left out of cross-border private investment flows, and even emerging markets receive relatively little green investment. Official capital to support private investments with positive externalities needs to be enlarged and better targeted. This means bigger international financial institutions , and more catalytic, efficient use of their capital.
But it is only one factor among many accounting for the economic advances of the past 25 years. The debate among economists is a paragon of civility compared with the one taking place in the streets. Antiglobalizers’ central claim is that globalization is making the rich richer and the poor poorer; proglobalizers assert that it actually helps the poor. But if one looks at the factual evidence, the matter is rather more complicated. On the basis of household survey data collected by different agencies, the World Bank estimates the fraction of the population in developing countries that falls below the 1-a-day poverty line –an admittedly crude but internationally comparable level. Globalization and the attendant concerns about poverty and inequality have become a focus of discussion in a way that few other topics, except for international terrorism or global warming, have.
